Building a 60% mechanical keyboard from scratch is an epic endeavor that combines the creativity of crafting with the precision of engineering. If you’re an aficionado looking to build your bespoke keyboard, this guide will walk you through the entire process, all while ensuring that you understand the rationality behind each step.
Let’s jump straight into the first phase: Planning and Sourcing.
1.1 – PLANNING AND SOURCING
The planning phase is the cornerstone of this process, as this is where you’ll outline your design, source the parts, and define your budget.
Choice of switches is the primary aspect of your plan, as they directly influence the keyboard’s feel and sound. Cherry MX, Gateron, and Kailh are a few renowned switch brands. For a tactile feel, we recommend Cherry MX Brown or Zealios v2; for a clicky experience, go for Cherry MX Blue or Kailh Box White.
Next is the selection of the keycaps. These also materially affect the feel, sound, and aesthetics. ABS and PBT are the most common types, each with its own merits. While ABS is less durable yet smoother, PBT boasts a rougher texture, is sturdier, and doesn’t shine after prolonged use.
The 60% keyboard plate and case follow next, both significant for the keyboard’s structural integrity and aesthetics. Aluminum, steel, and brass plates are prevalent, and you have several case options such as plastic, wood, or metal. As per the theme and budget, choose anything from high-profile, low-profile, sandwich-style, or floating-key designs.
Lastly, consider PCB (Printed Circuit Board). Look for one compatible with your switches and layout, ensuring it has all the necessary features – LEDs, hot-swaps, etc.
1.2 – ASSEMBLING
Once you have all the parts, you can commence the assembly. Start by testing your PCB by using a device called a “tweezer” to short the switch contacts on the PCB, ensuring each key initiates a correspondent keystroke on the connected computer.
Now, install the stabilizers on the PCB. They are essential for a smoother key press, especially on larger keys like spacebars and return keys. Follow with the mounting of the plate onto the PCB.
The next stage involves placing the switches onto the plate and PCB. Make sure the switch pins align correctly with the PCB holes; any misalignment may result in damage. When the switches are firmly in place, it’s time to start soldering.
1.3 – SOLDERING
Have all safety gear on when soldering and work in a well-ventilated area. Start by heating the solder iron on low heat, touch the tip to the switch pin, and the circuit pad, then apply the solder. Retract the solder wire, then the iron, keeping the switch in place for the solder to cool and solidify. Repeat this procedure for all switches.
Remember, perfection comes with practice. If you make a mistake, you can always use a tool called a “solder sucker” to undo your work.
1.4 – INSTALLING AND PROGRAMMING
After successful soldering, it’s time to install the keycaps on the switches. Line up the stem on the underside of the keycap with the stem on the switch, press down gently, and voilà. Repeat for all keys on your compact yet high-performing 60% keyboard.
Most personalized keyboards use a particular firmware called ‘QMK Firmware’ that lets you customize every key’s function. Visit the official QMK configurator, select your keyboard’s firmware, customize as much as you want, and download your firmware file.
Connect the keyboard to your computer, press the reset button on the back of the PCB, and follow the instructions by the QMK toolbox to flash your keyboard. Now, your 60% mechanical keyboard is ready!
In conclusion, building a 60% mechanical keyboard from scratch is no means an easy feat. It may seem daunting at first glance, but by meticulously adhering to the aforementioned steps, you can create a keyboard that mirrors your preference. All it requires is a bit of patience, precision, and a lot of enthusiasm.
Building a custom mechanical keyboard is a fulfilling journey that paves the way for a durable, tailor-made, and deeply personal tech gadget. So brace yourselves, the world of custom mechanical keyboards eagerly awaits your first masterpiece.
